The term inferior temporal sulcus refers to an interrupted sulcus on the ventrolateral surface of the temporal lobe of the human. Identified by gross observation, it contributes to the boundary between the middle temporal gyrus and the inferior temporal gyrus ( Nomina-1983; Roberts-1970 ). It is topologically equivalent to the middle temporal sulcus, posterior middle temporal sulcus and anterior middle temporal sulcus of the macaque ( Martin-2000 ). It is not found in the rat or mouse ( NeuroNames ). The fact that most atlases of macaque and human brains continue to refer to the interrupted sulcus in this location by different names is a great source of confusion in primate cortical anatomy. For more on the basis for confusion, see middle temporal sulcus.