The term olfactory tract (oltr) refers to a bundle of nerve fibers that connect the the main olfactory bulb (MOB) with the anterior olfactory nucleus (AON), olfactory tubercle (OTB), and several structures of olfactory cortex (OTX). It also connects the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) centrally, but solely to cortical parts of the amygdala (AMG) ( Buck-2013 ). Its axons, identified histologically, are the second neurons in the olfactory system. The oltr originates on the lateral aspect of the main olfactory bulb (MOB). In the human and the macaque it runs in the olfactory peduncle (olf) close to the anterior olfactory nucleus and onto the ventral surface of the orbital gyri (ORG). There it passes around the junction between the fronta lobe (FLB) and temporal lobe (TLB) onto the anteromedial part of the limbic lobe (LLB) where it gives off branches to the piriform cortex (PIR) and the amygdala (AMG) ( Price-2004 ). In the rat ( Swanson-2004 ) and the mouse ( Hof-2000 ) it runs directly from the lateral aspect of the olfactory bulbs to overlie the anterior olfactory nucleus and the piriform cortex lateral to the olfactory tubercle and thence to the periamygdalar cortex. It is part of the olfactory system, which mediates the sensation of smell. Many authors continue to refer to the structure as the 'lateral olfactory tract', though the medial olfactory tract and the intermediate olfactory tract to which it was originally contrasted are no longer deemed to exist ( Price-1990 ). Updated 13 Jun 2024.