linear nucleus of the raphe

linear nucleus of the raphe (LIR)

The term linear nucleus of the raphe (LIR) refers to a narrow vertical group of cells located in the midline of the ventral midbrain tegmentum.Identified by internal structure, it is Found in the human ( Paxinos-2012 ), the macaque ( Paxinos-2009a ), the rat ( Swanson-2004 ) and the mouse ( Dong-2004 ), it consists of two components: the rostral linear nucleus of the raphe and the caudal linear nucleus of the raphe. Functionally it is part of the behavioral state system ( Swanson-2004 ). Cells in LIR contain dopamine and are part of the A10 cell group ( Felten-1983 ). Updated 25 Aug 2024.

Also known as: linear nucleus, Nucleus linearis, rostral and caudal linear nuclei of the raphe, linear nucleus of the raphe, nucleus linearis intermedius

NeuroNames ID: 519

All Names & Sources

1 of 9

Showing 9 synonym(s) - Use arrows to navigate

Showing 9 synonym(s)

Name:

Language:

acronym

Organism:

macaque

Source:

Martin-2000

Citation:

Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2000

Source Title:

Primate Brain Maps: Structure Of The Macaque Brain

Name:

linear nucleus

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Crosby-1962

Citation:

New York: MacMillan, 1962

Source Title:

Correlative Anatomy of the Nervous System

Name:

Nucleus linearis

Language:

Latin

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1983

Citation:

Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins Co., 1983

Source Title:

Human Neuroanatomy

Name:

Nucleus linearis

Language:

Latin

Organism:

Macaca mulatta

Source:

Francois-1984

Citation:

Neuroscience 1984 Sep;13(1):61-76

Source Title:

Localization of nigrostriatal, nigrothalamic and nigrotectal neurons in ventricular coordinates in macaques

Name:

rostral and caudal linear nuclei of the raphe

Language:

English

Organism:

rat

Source:

Bowden-1997

Citation:

Source Title:

A digital Rosetta stone for primate brain terminology

Name:

nucleo lineare

Language:

Italian

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1995

Citation:

EdiSes, s.r.l.- Napoli, 1995

Source Title:

Fondamenti di Neuroanatomia

Name:

linear nucleus of the raphe

Language:

English

Organism:

Unspecified

Source:

NeuroNames

Citation:

University of Washington, Seattle, WA

Source Title:

NeuroNames

Name:

nucleus linearis intermedius

Language:

Latin

Organism:

macaque

Source:

Felten-1983

Citation:

Brain Res Bull 1983 Feb;10(2):171-284

Source Title:

Monoamine distribution in primate brain V. Monoaminergic nuclei: anatomy, pathways and local organization.

Name:

LIR

Language:

acronym

Organism:

Unspecified

Source:

NeuroNames

Citation:

University of Washington, Seattle, WA

Source Title:

NeuroNames

Illustrations

Showing 3 illustration(s)

labeled line drawings of
sagittal section in
Macaca fascicularis

multiple views of
3D reconstruction in
Macaca mulatta

Nissl stain & diagram of
sagittal section in
mouse

Species With The Structure

Equivalent By	Human	Macaque	Rat	Mouse
Internal Structure	Has The Structure	Has The Structure	Has The Structure	Relevant Data Not Located

1 of 4

Showing 4 record(s) - Use arrows to navigate

Showing 4 record(s)

Basis:

Internal Structure

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Homo sapiens (human)

Their Name:

linear nucleus

Source:

Crosby-1962

Basis:

Internal Structure

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Homo sapiens (human)

Their Name:

Nucleus linearis

Source:

Carpenter-1983

Basis:

Internal Structure

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Macaca mulatta (Macaca mulatta)

Their Name:

Nucleus linearis

Source:

Francois-1984

Basis:

Internal Structure

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Rattus (rat)

Their Name:

rostral and caudal linear nuclei of the raphe

Source:

Bowden-1997

Models Where It Appears

Structural CNS Model - Macaque

Brain structures of the macaque are illustrated in BrainInfo’s NeuroMaps macaque brain atlas. Structures are grouped by proximity in a hierarchy corresponding to the central nervous system hierarchy of NeuroNames ( Bowden-1995 Martin-2000 ). Structures in the NeuroMaps atlas are based on the segmentation of an MRI of the brain of a 3-year old male rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta). The atlas is most useful for targeting structures for implantating electrodes and chemtrodes. Updated 29 Oct 2025.

cerebral crus (crus cerebri)

hindbrain

choroidal fissure