This book is one of the basic books on neuropsychological analysis of disturbance of speech, resulting from local injuries of the Brain by missile wounds. First published in Russian it was the product of intensive work during the Second World War by Professor A. R. Luria who was head of a neurosurgical rehabilitative hospital for those with Brain injuries. A neuropsychological and psychophysiological approach to the local Brain injuries was a basis for an analysis of the most important disorders of language and a starting point to the general theory of higher cortical functions of man which was developed by the author and published in his other books: Higher Cortical Functions in Man (New York, Basic Books, 1966) and Human Brain and Psychological Processes (New York, Harper & Row, 1966).