primary motor cortex

primary motor cortex (PRC)

The term primary motor cortex refers to a part of the cerebral cortex defined by internal structure, connectivity and function ( Matelli-2004 ). It is one of two kinds of motor cortex, the other being premotor cortex. In primates it is located in the part of the precentral gyrus nearest the central sulcus, the posterior boundary of the frontal lobe. In the human it is identified with area 4 of Brodmann (human) and the adjacent, caudal portion of area 6 of Brodmann (human) ( Zilles-2004 ). In the macaque it is identified with area 4 of Brodmann (guenon) and area 6a alpha of Vogts ( Woolsey-1952 ). In the rat ( Swanson-2004 ) and mouse ( Hof-2000 ) it lies lateral to premotor cortex. In the rodent it extends from the frontal pole about half way to the occipital pole. See also area MI of Woolsey.

Also known as: precentral motor area, primary motor area (M I), primary motor cortex, primary motor area, precentral motor cortex, motor cortex (Carpenter), motor area (Crosby), somatic motor I, motor strip, primary somatomotor area, area F1

NeuroNames ID: 1910

All Names & Sources

1 of 24

Showing 24 synonym(s) - Use arrows to navigate

Showing 24 synonym(s)

Name:

area precentrale

Language:

Italian

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1995

Citation:

EdiSes, s.r.l.- Napoli, 1995

Source Title:

Fondamenti di Neuroanatomia

Name:

precentral motor area

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1991

Citation:

Fourth Edition, Williams and Wilkins Co., Baltimore, 1991

Source Title:

Core Text of Neuroanatomy

Name:

primary motor area (M I)

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1994

Citation:

edicion 4, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore; traducción de Editorial Medica Panamericana, Buenos Aires, efectuada por el Dr. Alejandro Kaufman

Source Title:

Neuroanatomía Fundamentos

Name:

area motorik primer

Language:

Indonesian

Organism:

human

Source:

Noback-1982

Citation:

Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC, 1982

Source Title:

Anatomi Susunan Saraf Manusia, Prinsip-Prinsip Dasar Neurobiologi

Name:

M I

Language:

acronym

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1994

Citation:

edicion 4, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore; traducción de Editorial Medica Panamericana, Buenos Aires, efectuada por el Dr. Alejandro Kaufman

Source Title:

Neuroanatomía Fundamentos

Name:

primärer motorischer Kortex

Language:

German

Organism:

human

Source:

Schiebler-1999

Citation:

Eighth Edition, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1999.

Source Title:

Anatomie

Name:

korteks motorik primer

Language:

Indonesian

Organism:

human

Source:

Noback-1982

Citation:

Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC, 1982

Source Title:

Anatomi Susunan Saraf Manusia, Prinsip-Prinsip Dasar Neurobiologi

Name:

Language:

acronym

Organism:

mouse

Source:

Paxinos-2001

Citation:

Second Edition, Academic Press, San Diego, 2001

Source Title:

The Mouse Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates

Name:

primary motor cortex

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Zilles-1990

Citation:

Chapter 22, pp. 757-802 in The Human Nervous System, G. Paxinos (Ed.), Academic Press, San Diego, 1990

Source Title:

Cortex

Name:

primary motor area

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Zilles-1990

Citation:

Chapter 22, pp. 757-802 in The Human Nervous System, G. Paxinos (Ed.), Academic Press, San Diego, 1990

Source Title:

Cortex

Name:

precentral motor cortex

Language:

English

Organism:

macaque

Source:

Wise-1985a

Citation:

Annu Rev Neurosci 1985;8:1-19

Source Title:

The primate premotor cortex: past, present, and preparatory

Name:

motor cortex (Carpenter)

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1983

Citation:

Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins Co., 1983

Source Title:

Human Neuroanatomy

Name:

motor area (Crosby)

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Crosby-1962

Citation:

New York: MacMillan, 1962

Source Title:

Correlative Anatomy of the Nervous System

Name:

somatic motor I

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Crosby-1962

Citation:

New York: MacMillan, 1962

Source Title:

Correlative Anatomy of the Nervous System

Name:

motor strip

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Anthoney-1994

Citation:

Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 1994

Source Title:

Neuroanatomy And The Neurologic Exam: A Thesaurus of Synonyms, Similar Sounding Non-Synonyms And Terms Of Variable Meaning

Name:

area motoria primaria

Language:

Italian

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1995

Citation:

EdiSes, s.r.l.- Napoli, 1995

Source Title:

Fondamenti di Neuroanatomia

Name:

área motora primaria (MI)

Language:

Spanish

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1994

Citation:

edicion 4, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore; traducción de Editorial Medica Panamericana, Buenos Aires, efectuada por el Dr. Alejandro Kaufman

Source Title:

Neuroanatomía Fundamentos

Name:

MOp

Language:

acronym

Organism:

rat

Source:

Swanson-1998

Citation:

Second Revised Edition, Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1998

Source Title:

Brain Maps: Structure of the Rat Brain

Name:

primäre motorische Rinde

Language:

German

Organism:

human

Source:

Schiebler-1999

Citation:

Eighth Edition, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1999.

Source Title:

Anatomie

Name:

primary somatomotor area

Language:

English

Organism:

rat

Source:

Swanson-2004

Citation:

Third Edition, Elsevier Academic Press, Oxford, 2004

Source Title:

Brain Maps: Structure of the Rat Brain.

Name:

primary motor area

Language:

English

Organism:

mouse

Source:

Dong-2004

Citation:

Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 2004

Source Title:

Allen Reference Atlas

Name:

Language:

acronym

Organism:

macaque

Source:

Matelli-2004

Citation:

Chapter 26 in The Human Nervous System, G. Paxinos and J. Mai (Eds.). Amsterdam: Elsevier Academic Press, 2004.

Source Title:

Motor Cortex

Name:

area F1

Language:

English

Organism:

macaque

Source:

Matelli-2004

Citation:

Chapter 26 in The Human Nervous System, G. Paxinos and J. Mai (Eds.). Amsterdam: Elsevier Academic Press, 2004.

Source Title:

Motor Cortex

Name:

PRC

Language:

acronym

Organism:

Unspecified

Source:

NeuroNames

Citation:

University of Washington, Seattle, WA

Source Title:

NeuroNames

Illustrations

Showing 3 illustration(s)

drawing of
all aspects in
human

Nissl stain & diagram of
coronal section in
mouse

Nissl stain & diagram of
sagittal section in
mouse

Species With The Structure

Equivalent By	Human	Macaque	Rat	Mouse
Internal Structure	Has The Structure	Relevant Data Not Located	Has The Structure	Has The Structure

1 of 10

Showing 10 record(s) - Use arrows to navigate

Showing 10 record(s)

Basis:

Internal Structure

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Homo sapiens (human)

Their Name:

motor area (Crosby)

Source:

Crosby-1962

Basis:

Internal Structure

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Homo sapiens (human)

Their Name:

motor cortex (Carpenter)

Source:

Carpenter-1983

Basis:

Internal Structure

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Homo sapiens (human)

Their Name:

motor strip

Source:

Anthoney-1994

Basis:

Internal Structure

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Homo sapiens (human)

Their Name:

precentral motor area

Source:

Carpenter-1991

Basis:

Internal Structure

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Homo sapiens (human)

Their Name:

primary motor area

Source:

Zilles-1990

Basis:

Internal Structure

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Homo sapiens (human)

Their Name:

primary motor area (M I)

Source:

Carpenter-1994

Basis:

Internal Structure

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Homo sapiens (human)

Their Name:

primary motor cortex

Source:

Zilles-1990

Basis:

Internal Structure

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Homo sapiens (human)

Their Name:

somatic motor I

Source:

Crosby-1962

Basis:

Internal Structure

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Rattus (rat)

Their Name:

primary somatomotor area

Source:

Swanson-2004

Basis:

Internal Structure

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Mus (mouse)

Their Name:

primary motor area

Source:

Dong-2004

Models Where It Appears

Functional CNS Model - Rat

The Functional CNS Model - Rat (FMrat) ( Swanson-2004) is one of three hierarchical models representing the internal organization of the central nervous system (CNS). The others are the Structural CNS Model - Human (SThmn) and the Functional CNS Model - Human (FMhmn). The FMrat model represents the basic organization of the mouse ( Hof-2000 AMBA-2024 ) and, presumably, other rodents. Functional CNS models differ from structural models in that structures are defined and named by connectivity rather than by proximity to other structures at the same level. Functional models are more useful for representing longitudinal components of are grouped based on information drawn from multiple neuroscientific disciplines. such as connections, neurochemical characteristics, and role in physiogical and behavioral processes. While the Functional Model was developed primarily for an atlas of the rat brain ( Swanson-2004 ), the hierarchical organization of structures is for the most part applicable to the human, macaque, mouse and other mammalian brains as well. Structures at lower levels of the Functional CNS hierarchy are largely the same as in the Classical and Developmental Models, i.e., they were originally identified by stains for gray matter (Nissl substance) and white matter (myelin). At the next higher level they are grouped into basic connectional and functional systems of the CNS, such as the subcortical sensory systems, the brainstem motor system and the behavioral state system. At the highest levels CNS structures are grouped on the basis of dissection and embryologic precursors into cerebrum ( cerebral cortex and cerebral nuclei ), cerebellum, and cerebrospinal trunk.

Topographic Model of Human Cerebral Cortex

The topographic model of human cerebral cortex is a closed partitive hierarchical model of cerebral cortical structure in the human. The cerebral cortex is segmented on the basis of internal structure, connectivity, and/or functions of cortical areas. It is designed to update the comprehensive early twentieth century parcellations of Brodmann and of von Economo and Koskinas and their successors. A work in progress, it integrates the most authoritative, comprehensive, and recent parcellations and nomenclatures from peer-reviewed publications and neuroanatomical texts. For an equivalent model in the rodent, Search BrainInfo for ' Functional CNS Model - Rat '. This segmentation of the human cerebral cortex, based on a combination of internal structure, connectivity, and function, complements the classical segmentation of the cerebral cortex into lobes, lobules, and gyri based on sulcal patterns: For the classical segmentation, see ' cerebral cortex ' and click 'Locus in Brain Hierarchy'.

cerebral cortex

frontal cortex

motor cortex (somatomotor areas)

primary motor cortex (primary somatomotor area)

premotor cortex (secondary somatomotor areas)