periamygdalar cortex

periamygdalar cortex (PAC)

The term periamygdalar cortex (PAC) refers to the greater part of cerebral cortex covering the amygdala on the mesial surface of the anterior parahippocampal gyrus (PHGa) of the limbic lobe of the human (Mai-1987) and macaque ( Amaral-1992 ) and on the ventromesial surface of the cerebral hemisphere (CHS) in the rat ( Swanson-2004 ) and mouse ( AMBA-2024 ). In the human and macaque It is surrounded by the piriform cortex (PIR) rostrally, the medial amygdalar nucleus (MEA) dorsally and the entorhinal cortex (ENT) ventrolaterally. In the rat ( Swanson- 2004 ) and mouse ( AMBA-2024 ) its neighbors dorsally are the MEA, nucleus of the olfactory tract (NOL) or the amygdalohippocampal area (AHA); ventrolaterally it is bounded by the piriform amygdalar area (PAA), the postpiriform transition area and piriform cortex ( Swanson-2004 ). On the basis of internal structure and location, it is subdivided into an anterior periamygdalar cortex and a posterior periamygdalar cortex.

Also known as: cortical amygdaloid nucleus, Nucleus amygdalae corticalis, Nucleus corticalis amygdalae, cortical amygdalar nucleus, periamygdaloid cortex, para-amygdaloid cortex, ventral cortical nucleus, cortical amygdalar area, Cortex periamygdaloideus, ventral cortical amygdaloid nucleus, periamygdaloid area, Regio periamygdalaris, periamygdaloid region, semilunar gyrus, Gyrus semilunaris, periamygdalar area, superficial cortex-like amygdaloid region, olfactory cortical amygdala, periamygdalar cortex, cortical nucleus, nucleus B

NeuroNames ID: 240

All Names & Sources

1 of 38

Showing 38 synonym(s) - Use arrows to navigate

Showing 38 synonym(s)

Name:

cortical amygdaloid nucleus

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1983

Citation:

Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins Co., 1983

Source Title:

Human Neuroanatomy

Name:

Nucleus amygdalae corticalis

Language:

Latin

Organism:

human

Source:

Riley-1943

Citation:

Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins Co., 1943

Source Title:

An Atlas Of The Basal Ganglia, Brain Stem And Spinal Cord (Based On Myelin-Stained Material)

Name:

Nucleus corticalis amygdalae

Language:

Latin

Organism:

Macaca fascicularis

Source:

Shantha-1968

Citation:

Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1968

Source Title:

A Stereotaxic Atlas Of The Java Monkey Brain (Macaca irus)

Name:

núcleo amigdalino cortical

Language:

Spanish

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1994

Citation:

edicion 4, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore; traducción de Editorial Medica Panamericana, Buenos Aires, efectuada por el Dr. Alejandro Kaufman

Source Title:

Neuroanatomía Fundamentos

Name:

nucleo corticale amigdaloideo

Language:

Italian

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1995

Citation:

EdiSes, s.r.l.- Napoli, 1995

Source Title:

Fondamenti di Neuroanatomia

Name:

cortical amygdalar nucleus

Language:

English

Organism:

rat

Source:

Swanson-2004

Citation:

Third Edition, Elsevier Academic Press, Oxford, 2004

Source Title:

Brain Maps: Structure of the Rat Brain.

Name:

noyau cortical

Language:

French

Organism:

human

Source:

Duvernoy-1992

Citation:

Springer-Verlag, Paris, 1992

Source Title:

Le cerveau humain: Surface, coupes seriees tridimensionnelles et IRM

Name:

periamygdaläre Rinde

Language:

German

Organism:

human

Source:

Schiebler-1999

Citation:

Eighth Edition, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1999.

Source Title:

Anatomie

Name:

periamygdaloid cortex

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Willis-1981

Citation:

C.V. Mosby Company, St. Louis, Mo., !981.

Source Title:

Medical Neurobiology: Neuroanatomical and Neurophysiological Principles Basic to Clinical Neuroscience

Name:

periamygdaloid cortex

Language:

English

Organism:

macaque

Source:

Amaral-1992

Citation:

Chapter 1, pp. 1-66 in The Amygdala: Neurobiological Aspects of Emotion, Memory, and Mental Dysfunction, Aggleton, J.P. (ed),Wiley-Liss, New York, 1992

Source Title:

Anatomical organization of the primate amygdaloid complex

Name:

para-amygdaloid cortex

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Crosby-1962

Citation:

New York: MacMillan, 1962

Source Title:

Correlative Anatomy of the Nervous System

Name:

ventral cortical nucleus

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Olmos-2004

Citation:

Chapter 22 in The Human Nervous System, 2nd edition, G. Paxinos and JK Mai Eds. Amsterdam: Elsevier-Academic Press. 2004.

Source Title:

Amygdala

Name:

korteks periamigdaloid

Language:

Indonesian

Organism:

human

Source:

Noback-1982

Citation:

Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC, 1982

Source Title:

Anatomi Susunan Saraf Manusia, Prinsip-Prinsip Dasar Neurobiologi

Name:

cortical amygdalar area

Language:

English

Organism:

mouse

Source:

Dong-1994

Citation:

J Neurophysiol 1994 Aug;72(2):542-64

Source Title:

Somatosensory, multisensory, and task-related neurons in cortical area 7b (PF) of unanesthetized monkeys

Name:

Cortex periamygdaloideus

Language:

Latin

Organism:

human

Source:

Mai-1997

Citation:

San Diego: Academic Press, 1997

Source Title:

Atlas of the Human Brain

Name:

ventral cortical amygdaloid nucleus

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Olmos-2004

Citation:

Chapter 22 in The Human Nervous System, 2nd edition, G. Paxinos and JK Mai Eds. Amsterdam: Elsevier-Academic Press. 2004.

Source Title:

Amygdala

Name:

VCo

Language:

acronym

Organism:

Macaca mulatta

Source:

Paxinos-2009a

Citation:

Amsterdam: Elsevier-Academic Press. 2009

Source Title:

The Rhesus Monkey Brain, Second Edition

Name:

periamygdaloid area

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1983

Citation:

Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins Co., 1983

Source Title:

Human Neuroanatomy

Name:

Regio periamygdalaris

Language:

Latin

Organism:

human

Source:

Riley-1943

Citation:

Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins Co., 1943

Source Title:

An Atlas Of The Basal Ganglia, Brain Stem And Spinal Cord (Based On Myelin-Stained Material)

Name:

periamygdaloid region

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1983

Citation:

Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins Co., 1983

Source Title:

Human Neuroanatomy

Name:

semilunar gyrus

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Mai-1997

Citation:

San Diego: Academic Press, 1997

Source Title:

Atlas of the Human Brain

Name:

Gyrus semilunaris

Language:

Latin

Organism:

human

Source:

Anthoney-1994

Citation:

Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 1994

Source Title:

Neuroanatomy And The Neurologic Exam: A Thesaurus of Synonyms, Similar Sounding Non-Synonyms And Terms Of Variable Meaning

Name:

area periamydaloidea

Language:

Italian

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1995

Citation:

EdiSes, s.r.l.- Napoli, 1995

Source Title:

Fondamenti di Neuroanatomia

Name:

area semilunaire

Language:

French

Organism:

human

Source:

Duvernoy-1992

Citation:

Springer-Verlag, Paris, 1992

Source Title:

Le cerveau humain: Surface, coupes seriees tridimensionnelles et IRM

Name:

periamygdalar area

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Kahle-2003

Citation:

Fifth Edition, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 2003

Source Title:

Color Atlas of Human Anatomy<br> Volume 3: Nervous System and Sensory Organs

Name:

PAA

Language:

acronym

Organism:

Unspecified

Source:

NeuroNames

Citation:

University of Washington, Seattle, WA

Source Title:

NeuroNames

Name:

Cortex periamygdaloideus

Language:

Latin

Organism:

human

Source:

Mai-1997

Citation:

San Diego: Academic Press, 1997

Source Title:

Atlas of the Human Brain

Name:

para-amygdaloid cortex

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Crosby-1962

Citation:

New York: MacMillan, 1962

Source Title:

Correlative Anatomy of the Nervous System

Name:

superficial cortex-like amygdaloid region

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Yilmazer-Hanke-2012

Citation:

Chapter 22 in The Human Nervous System, Third Edition, JK Mai and G Paxinos (Eds.), pp. 401-424, Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Source Title:

Amygdala

Name:

sCLR

Language:

acronym

Organism:

human

Source:

Yilmazer-Hanke-2012

Citation:

Chapter 22 in The Human Nervous System, Third Edition, JK Mai and G Paxinos (Eds.), pp. 401-424, Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Source Title:

Amygdala

Name:

olfactory cortical amygdala

Language:

English

Organism:

Unspecified

Source:

Keshavarzi-2015

Citation:

Source Title:

Dendritic Organization of Olfactory Inputs to Medial Amygdala Neurons

Name:

PAC

Language:

acronym

Organism:

macaque

Source:

Amaral-1992

Citation:

Chapter 1, pp. 1-66 in The Amygdala: Neurobiological Aspects of Emotion, Memory, and Mental Dysfunction, Aggleton, J.P. (ed),Wiley-Liss, New York, 1992

Source Title:

Anatomical organization of the primate amygdaloid complex

Name:

periamygdaloid cortex

Language:

English

Organism:

macaque

Source:

Amaral-1992

Citation:

Chapter 1, pp. 1-66 in The Amygdala: Neurobiological Aspects of Emotion, Memory, and Mental Dysfunction, Aggleton, J.P. (ed),Wiley-Liss, New York, 1992

Source Title:

Anatomical organization of the primate amygdaloid complex

Name:

periamygdalar cortex

Language:

English

Organism:

Unspecified

Source:

NeuroNames

Citation:

University of Washington, Seattle, WA

Source Title:

NeuroNames

Name:

cortical amygdalar nucleus

Language:

English

Organism:

rat

Source:

Swanson-1992

Citation:

Brain Maps: Structure of the Rat Brain (Elsevier, Amsterdam), 1992

Source Title:

Brain Maps: Structure Of The Rat Brain

Name:

cortical nucleus

Language:

English

Organism:

Unspecified

Source:

Amaral-2007

Citation:

Source Title:

Hippocampal Neuroanatomy

Name:

nucleus B

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Yilmazer-Hanke-2012

Citation:

Chapter 22 in The Human Nervous System, Third Edition, JK Mai and G Paxinos (Eds.), pp. 401-424, Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Source Title:

Amygdala

Name:

Language:

acronym

Organism:

macaque

Source:

Martin-2000

Citation:

Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2000

Source Title:

Primate Brain Maps: Structure Of The Macaque Brain

Illustrations

Showing 4 illustration(s)

labeled line drawings of
sagittal section in
Macaca fascicularis

multiple views of
3D reconstruction in
Macaca mulatta

Nissl stain & diagram of
coronal section in
mouse

Nissl stain & diagram of
sagittal section in
mouse

Species With The Structure

Equivalent By	Human	Macaque	Rat	Mouse
Multiple Criteria	Has The Structure	Relevant Data Not Located	Has The Structure	Has The Structure

1 of 3

Showing 3 record(s) - Use arrows to navigate

Showing 3 record(s)

Basis:

Multiple Criteria

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Homo sapiens (human)

Their Name:

cortical amygdaloid nucleus

Source:

Carpenter-1983

Basis:

Multiple Criteria

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Rattus (rat)

Their Name:

cortical amygdalar nucleus

Source:

Swanson-2004

Basis:

Multiple Criteria

Has Equivalent:

Yes

Organism:

Mus (mouse)

Their Name:

cortical amygdalar area

Source:

Dong-1994

Models Where It Appears

Structural CNS Model - Macaque

Brain structures of the macaque are illustrated in BrainInfo’s NeuroMaps macaque brain atlas. Structures are grouped by proximity in a hierarchy corresponding to the central nervous system hierarchy of NeuroNames ( Bowden-1995 Martin-2000 ). Structures in the NeuroMaps atlas are based on the segmentation of an MRI of the brain of a 3-year old male rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta). The atlas is most useful for targeting structures for implantating electrodes and chemtrodes. Updated 29 Oct 2025.

Functional CNS Model - Rat

The Functional CNS Model - Rat (FMrat) ( Swanson-2004) is one of three hierarchical models representing the internal organization of the central nervous system (CNS). The others are the Structural CNS Model - Human (SThmn) and the Functional CNS Model - Human (FMhmn). The FMrat model represents the basic organization of the mouse ( Hof-2000 AMBA-2024 ) and, presumably, other rodents. Functional CNS models differ from structural models in that structures are defined and named by connectivity rather than by proximity to other structures at the same level. Functional models are more useful for representing longitudinal components of are grouped based on information drawn from multiple neuroscientific disciplines. such as connections, neurochemical characteristics, and role in physiogical and behavioral processes. While the Functional Model was developed primarily for an atlas of the rat brain ( Swanson-2004 ), the hierarchical organization of structures is for the most part applicable to the human, macaque, mouse and other mammalian brains as well. Structures at lower levels of the Functional CNS hierarchy are largely the same as in the Classical and Developmental Models, i.e., they were originally identified by stains for gray matter (Nissl substance) and white matter (myelin). At the next higher level they are grouped into basic connectional and functional systems of the CNS, such as the subcortical sensory systems, the brainstem motor system and the behavioral state system. At the highest levels CNS structures are grouped on the basis of dissection and embryologic precursors into cerebrum ( cerebral cortex and cerebral nuclei ), cerebellum, and cerebrospinal trunk.

white matter (basic fiber systems)

cerebral ventricles (ventricular system)