area 25 - BrainInfo

area 25 (25)

The term area 25 (25) refers to a part of anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) identified histologically by multiple stains in the human, macaque, rat and mouse ( Vogt-2013 ). It is agranular cortex located, in the human, in the subcallosal gyrus (SBG) ventral to the genu of the corpus callosum (gcc). In the macaque it is located similarly ventral to the gcc, but in the anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG); the macaque lacks a SBG distinct from the ACG ( Martin-2000 ). In the rat and mouse 25 is located rostral to the gcc, ( Vogt-2013 ). Major ascending input to 25 in the macaque is from the amygdala (AMG) ( Vogt-2012 ), particularly the basolateral amygdalar nucleus (AMGbl) and the accessory basal nucleus of the amygdala (AMGab) and the hippocampus (HPP): CA1 field (CA1) and subiculum (SUB).. Other cortical inputs are largely from the Frontal lobe (FLB), particularly areas of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (PFCdl): area 46 and area 9, and medial areas of the orbital network ( Wallis-2011 ), area 10o, that provide input are area 10 at the frontal pole, area 13 located posterocentrally in the orbital gyri (ORG) and its medial neighbor, area 14, ( Petrides-2012 ). . Major outputs from 25 in the macaque, rat, and mouse, and presumably the human, are to the ventral striatum STRv, particularly the nucleus accumbens (ACB) and neighboring ventral head of the caudate nucleus (CDNh) ( Chiba-2001 Wise-2008 ). Both are major components of the dopaminergic reward system ( Bowden-2022 ). A major downstream projection is to the amygdala (AMG), particularly the basolateral amygdalar nucleus (AMGbl) and the accessory basal nucleus of the amygdala (AMGab) ( Chiba-2001 ).. Functionally 25 is a high-level controller of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) ( Cechetto-2014 ). Electrical stimulation of 25 in the macaque is almost exclusively rewarding ( Bowden-2022 ). In the squirrel monkey stimulation evokes a number of largely parasympathetic autonomic effects including salivation, cardiac slowing, penile erection, urination and defecation ( Dua-1964). Updated 25 Sep 2024..

Also known as: area 25, area anterogenualis simplex, visceromotor cortex, infralimbic area, area FL of Economo, area FM of Economo, area limbic B of Campbell, area callosus D of Smith, area 25 of Sarkissov

NeuroNames ID: 3490

All Names & Sources

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Showing 12 synonym(s) - Use arrows to navigate

Showing 12 synonym(s)

Name:

area 25

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Ongur-2003

Citation:

J Comp Neurol. 2003 Jun 2;460(3):425-49.

Source Title:

Architectonic subdivision of the human orbital and medial prefrontal cortex

Name:

Language:

acronym

Organism:

human

Source:

Ongur-2003

Citation:

J Comp Neurol. 2003 Jun 2;460(3):425-49.

Source Title:

Architectonic subdivision of the human orbital and medial prefrontal cortex

Name:

area anterogenualis simplex

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Vogt-2012

Citation:

Chapter 25, pp. 943-987 in: The Human Nervous System - Third Edition, Mai JK and Paxinos G (Eds.) Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Source Title:

Cingulate Cortex

Name:

visceromotor cortex

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Vogt-2012

Citation:

Chapter 25, pp. 943-987 in: The Human Nervous System - Third Edition, Mai JK and Paxinos G (Eds.) Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Source Title:

Cingulate Cortex

Name:

infralimbic area

Language:

English

Organism:

rat

Source:

Wise-2008

Citation:

Source Title:

Forward Frontal Fields: Phylogeny and Fundamental Function

Name:

Language:

acronym

Organism:

mouse

Source:

Wise-2008

Citation:

Source Title:

Forward Frontal Fields: Phylogeny and Fundamental Function

Name:

area FL of Economo

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Zilles-2012

Citation:

Chapter 23 in The Human Nervous System, Third Edition, JK Mai and G Paxinos (Eds.), pp. 836-895, Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Source Title:

Architecture of the Cerebral Cortex

Name:

area FM of Economo

Language:

acronym

Organism:

human

Source:

Zilles-2012

Citation:

Chapter 23 in The Human Nervous System, Third Edition, JK Mai and G Paxinos (Eds.), pp. 836-895, Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Source Title:

Architecture of the Cerebral Cortex

Name:

area FM of Economo

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Zilles-2012

Citation:

Chapter 23 in The Human Nervous System, Third Edition, JK Mai and G Paxinos (Eds.), pp. 836-895, Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Source Title:

Architecture of the Cerebral Cortex

Name:

area limbic B of Campbell

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Zilles-2012

Citation:

Chapter 23 in The Human Nervous System, Third Edition, JK Mai and G Paxinos (Eds.), pp. 836-895, Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Source Title:

Architecture of the Cerebral Cortex

Name:

area callosus D of Smith

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Zilles-2012

Citation:

Chapter 23 in The Human Nervous System, Third Edition, JK Mai and G Paxinos (Eds.), pp. 836-895, Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Source Title:

Architecture of the Cerebral Cortex

Name:

area 25 of Sarkissov

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Zilles-2012

Citation:

Chapter 23 in The Human Nervous System, Third Edition, JK Mai and G Paxinos (Eds.), pp. 836-895, Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Source Title:

Architecture of the Cerebral Cortex

Illustrations

Showing 3 illustration(s)

diagram of
midsagittal view in
human

diagrams of
lateral prefrontal cortex in
human and macaque

diagrams of medial and
orbital prefrontal cortex in
human and macaque

No specie structures found

No specie structures available for this concept.

Models Where It Appears

orbitomedial prefrontal cortex hierarchy

refers to the organization of substructures of the orbitomedial prefrontal cortex of the human as described in Ongur-2003. The organization is the same in the macaque, except for a few minor differences in internal structure and names based on topology ( Carmichael-1994 ).

orbitomedial prefrontal cortex

orbital frontal cortex

agranular orbitofrontal cortex

Topographic Model of Human Cerebral Cortex

The topographic model of human cerebral cortex is a closed partitive hierarchical model of cerebral cortical structure in the human. The cerebral cortex is segmented on the basis of internal structure, connectivity, and/or functions of cortical areas. It is designed to update the comprehensive early twentieth century parcellations of Brodmann and of von Economo and Koskinas and their successors. A work in progress, it integrates the most authoritative, comprehensive, and recent parcellations and nomenclatures from peer-reviewed publications and neuroanatomical texts. For an equivalent model in the rodent, Search BrainInfo for ' Functional CNS Model - Rat '. This segmentation of the human cerebral cortex, based on a combination of internal structure, connectivity, and function, complements the classical segmentation of the cerebral cortex into lobes, lobules, and gyri based on sulcal patterns: For the classical segmentation, see ' cerebral cortex ' and click 'Locus in Brain Hierarchy'.

cerebral cortex

frontal cortex

motor cortex (somatomotor areas)