The term anterior cingulate cortex refers to one of four parts of the cingulate cortex in the humans and the macaque and one of three parts in the rat and mouse ( Vogt-2013 ). It is confusingly, but not uncommonly, equated with the anterior cingulate gyrus, which is defined by dissection ( Carpenter-1983 ) and which contains the midcingulate cortex as well ( Vogt-2012 ). In all species, it is an area of agranular cortex defined on the basis of multiple criteria including internal structure, connectivity, and function ( Vogt-2013 ).. The other parts of cingulate cortex in the primate are the midcingulate cortex, the posterior cingulate cortex, and the retrosplenial cortex. The composition is the same in the rodent, except that the rodent lacks posterior cingulate cortex ( Vogt-2013 ). In the humans the anterior cingulate cortex is located rostrally in the anterior cingulate gyrus and the subcallosal gyrus of the limbic lobe as well as adjacent parts of the frontal lobe: the superior frontopolar gyrus and the superior rostral gyrus. Its location in the macaque is similar, except that the macaque has no superior frontopolar gyrus or superior rostral gyrus. The rat and mouse have no sulcal landmarks by which to judge its location. In humans it is composed of eight areas organized in concentric arcs around the genu of corpus callosum. Listed in radial order from caudal to rostral and from ventral to dorsal, they are firstly, area 33o immediately adjacent to the corpus callosum; secondly, area 25, area s24ab, area p24ab, and area 24c, and thirdly, area s32, area p32 and area d32. In the macaque it is similar except that it is rotated dorsally to a position more rostral to the genu; s24ab and p24ab are combined in a single area 24ab; and the macaque lacks areas 33o and d32. In the rat it is rotated to an even more dorsal position relative to the genu; it is composed of the inner area 33o, a second arc of area 25 and area 24a, and a tertiary arc composed of area s32 (named v32 in the rodent} and p32 (named d32 in the rodent) and area 24b ( Vogt-2013 ).. The mouse is the same as the rat, except that, like the macaque, it lacks an area 33o ( Vogt-2013 ). In a different organizational scheme, the same areas are grouped as subgenual anterior cingulate cortex and pregenual anterior cingulate cortex ( Vogt 2012; Vogt-2013 ).