The term posterior middle temporal sulcus refers to the most caudal of three short sulci on the ventrolateral surface of the temporal lobe of the macaque. It is identified by dissecton. The others are the middle temporal sulcus ( Krieg-1975 ) and the anterior middle temporal sulcus ( Bonin-1947 ). The three represent an interrupted sulcus that contributes to the boundary between the middle temporal gyrus and the inferior temporal gyrus. The posterior sulcus is topologically equivalent to the caudal part of the inferior temporal sulcus of the human ( Ono-1990 ). The fact that most atlases of macaque and human brains continue to refer to the interrupted sulcus in this location by different names is a source of some confusion in primate cortical anatomy. For the root of the confusion see middle temporal sulcus. Equivalent structures are not found in the smooth cerebral cortex of the rat or mouse ( NeuroNames ).