piriform cortex - BrainInfo

piriform cortex (PIR)

The term piriform cortex (PIR) refers to a histologically defined struture on the mesioventral aspect of the limbic lobe in the human ( Yilmazir-Kanke-2012 ), macaque ( Paxinos-2009a ), rat ( Swanson-2004 ) and mouse ( AMBA-2024 ). In the human and mouse it is one of three parts of the anterior parahippocampal gyrus (PHGa). The others are the periamygdalar cortex (PAC) and the entorhinal cortex (ENT). In the human the PIR has two parts observable by dissection: piriform cortex of the frontal lobe (PIRflb) and piriform cortex of the limbic lobe (PIRllb) ( Mai-1997 ). In other species its boundaries are defined by multiple criteria. Primary excitatory inputs to the PIR are from the mitral cell ensemble of the main olfactory bulb (MCEm) and the tufted cell ensemble of the main olfactory bulb (TCE). Functionally, the PIR is the largest area of cerebral cortex (CTX) in the olfactory system (OSY). ( NeuroNames ).

Also known as: prepiriform cortex, gyrus olfactorius lateralis, piriform olfactory cortex, prepyriform area, Cortex piriformis, Regio praepiriformis, lateral olfactory gyrus, prepyriform cortex, piriform cortex (Price), Palaeocortex II, Eupalaeocortex, piriform cortex, Area prepiriformis, piriform area, pyriform area, (pre-)piriform cortex

NeuroNames ID: 165

All Names & Sources

1 of 30

Showing 30 synonym(s) - Use arrows to navigate

Showing 30 synonym(s)

Name:

POC

Language:

acronym

Organism:

primate

Source:

Mesulam-1985

Citation:

Chapter 5, pp. 179-226 in Cerebral Cortex, Peters A and Jones EG (Eds), 1985

Source Title:

The insula of Reil in man and monkey: Architectonics, connectivity, and function

Name:

prepiriform cortex

Language:

English

Organism:

macaque

Source:

Pandya-1973

Citation:

Z Anat Entwicklungsgesch 1973 Mar 20;139(2):127-61

Source Title:

Architectonic parcellation of the temporal operculum in rhesus monkey and its projection pattern

Name:

латеральная обонятельная извилина

Language:

Russian

Organism:

human

Source:

Savel'ev-1996

Citation:

AREA XVII, Moscow, 1996.

Source Title:

Stereoskopicheskii Atlas Mozga Cheloveka

Name:

gyrus olfactorius lateralis

Language:

Latin

Organism:

human

Source:

Savel'ev-1996

Citation:

AREA XVII, Moscow, 1996.

Source Title:

Stereoskopicheskii Atlas Mozga Cheloveka

Name:

Pir

Language:

acronym

Organism:

mouse

Source:

Paxinos-2001

Citation:

Second Edition, Academic Press, San Diego, 2001

Source Title:

The Mouse Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates

Name:

giro olfattivo laterale

Language:

Italian

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1995

Citation:

EdiSes, s.r.l.- Napoli, 1995

Source Title:

Fondamenti di Neuroanatomia

Name:

piriform olfactory cortex

Language:

English

Organism:

primate

Source:

Mesulam-1985

Citation:

Chapter 5, pp. 179-226 in Cerebral Cortex, Peters A and Jones EG (Eds), 1985

Source Title:

The insula of Reil in man and monkey: Architectonics, connectivity, and function

Name:

area 28

Language:

Indonesian

Organism:

human

Source:

Noback-1982

Citation:

Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC, 1982

Source Title:

Anatomi Susunan Saraf Manusia, Prinsip-Prinsip Dasar Neurobiologi

Name:

prepyriform area

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1983

Citation:

Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins Co., 1983

Source Title:

Human Neuroanatomy

Name:

prepyriform area

Language:

English

Organism:

Macaca fascicularis

Source:

Martin-1997

Citation:

Primate Information Center, University of Washington, Seattle, 1997.

Source Title:

Template Atlas of the Primate Brain

Name:

Cortex piriformis

Language:

Latin

Organism:

human

Source:

Mai-1997

Citation:

San Diego: Academic Press, 1997

Source Title:

Atlas of the Human Brain

Name:

Regio praepiriformis

Language:

Latin

Organism:

human

Source:

Stephan-1975

Citation:

In Handbuch der mikroskopischen Anatomie des Menschen (W. Bargmann, Ed.), Vol. 4, Part 9, 998pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin and New York.

Source Title:

Allocortex

Name:

lateral olfactory gyrus

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1983

Citation:

Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins Co., 1983

Source Title:

Human Neuroanatomy

Name:

prepiriform cortex

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Willis-1981

Citation:

C.V. Mosby Company, St. Louis, Mo., !981.

Source Title:

Medical Neurobiology: Neuroanatomical and Neurophysiological Principles Basic to Clinical Neuroscience

Name:

prepyriform cortex

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Crosby-1962

Citation:

New York: MacMillan, 1962

Source Title:

Correlative Anatomy of the Nervous System

Name:

piriform cortex (Price)

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Price-1990

Citation:

pp. 979-998 in The Human Nervous System, G. Paxinos, (Ed.), Academic Press, San Diego, 1990

Source Title:

Olfactory system

Name:

Palaeocortex II

Language:

Latin

Organism:

human

Source:

Stephan-1976

Citation:

Verh. Anat. Ges., 70:217-251

Source Title:

Vergleichende Anatomie des Allocortex

Name:

Eupalaeocortex

Language:

Latin

Organism:

human

Source:

Stephan-1976

Citation:

Verh. Anat. Ges., 70:217-251

Source Title:

Vergleichende Anatomie des Allocortex

Name:

piriform cortex

Language:

English

Organism:

mouse

Source:

Paxinos-2001

Citation:

Second Edition, Academic Press, San Diego, 2001

Source Title:

The Mouse Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates

Name:

daerah unkus

Language:

Indonesian

Organism:

human

Source:

Noback-1982

Citation:

Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC, 1982

Source Title:

Anatomi Susunan Saraf Manusia, Prinsip-Prinsip Dasar Neurobiologi

Name:

Area prepiriformis

Language:

Latin

Organism:

human

Source:

Schiebler-1999

Citation:

Eighth Edition, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1999.

Source Title:

Anatomie

Name:

PPA

Language:

acronym

Organism:

macaque

Source:

Martin-2000

Citation:

Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2000

Source Title:

Primate Brain Maps: Structure Of The Macaque Brain

Name:

korteks prapiriform

Language:

Indonesian

Organism:

human

Source:

Noback-1982

Citation:

Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC, 1982

Source Title:

Anatomi Susunan Saraf Manusia, Prinsip-Prinsip Dasar Neurobiologi

Name:

piriform area

Language:

English

Organism:

rat

Source:

Swanson-1998

Citation:

Second Revised Edition, Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1998

Source Title:

Brain Maps: Structure of the Rat Brain

Name:

área piriforme

Language:

Spanish

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1994

Citation:

edicion 4, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore; traducción de Editorial Medica Panamericana, Buenos Aires, efectuada por el Dr. Alejandro Kaufman

Source Title:

Neuroanatomía Fundamentos

Name:

pyriform area

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Carpenter-1991

Citation:

Fourth Edition, Williams and Wilkins Co., Baltimore, 1991

Source Title:

Core Text of Neuroanatomy

Name:

(pre-)piriform cortex

Language:

English

Organism:

human

Source:

Mai-1997

Citation:

San Diego: Academic Press, 1997

Source Title:

Atlas of the Human Brain

Name:

пириформная кора

Language:

Russian

Organism:

human

Source:

Savel'ev-2005

Citation:

VEDI, Moscow, 2005.

Source Title:

Atlas Mozga Cheloveka (Atlas of the Human Brain)

Name:

PIR

Language:

acronym

Organism:

rat

Source:

Swanson-1998

Citation:

Second Revised Edition, Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1998

Source Title:

Brain Maps: Structure of the Rat Brain

Name:

Pir

Language:

acronym

Organism:

macaque

Source:

Paxinos-2009a

Citation:

Amsterdam: Elsevier-Academic Press. 2009

Source Title:

The Rhesus Monkey Brain, Second Edition

Illustrations

Showing 6 illustration(s)

labeled line drawings of
sagittal section in
Macaca fascicularis

drawing of
all aspects in
macaque

drawing of
lateral aspect in
macaque

diagrams of medial and
orbital prefrontal cortex in
human and macaque

Nissl stain & diagram of
coronal section in
mouse

Nissl stain & diagram of
sagittal section in
mouse

No specie structures found

No specie structures available for this concept.

Models Where It Appears

Structural CNS Model - Macaque

Brain structures of the macaque are illustrated in BrainInfo’s NeuroMaps macaque brain atlas. Structures are grouped by proximity in a hierarchy corresponding to the central nervous system hierarchy of NeuroNames ( Bowden-1995 Martin-2000 ). Structures in the NeuroMaps atlas are based on the segmentation of an MRI of the brain of a 3-year old male rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta). The atlas is most useful for targeting structures for implantating electrodes and chemtrodes. Updated 29 Oct 2025.

brain

forebrain

endbrain

cerebral white matter

substantia innominata

basal nucleus (basal forebrain nucleus)

islands of Calleja

nucleus accumbens

anterior olfactory nucleus

olfactory tubercle

main olfactory bulb (olfactory bulb)

olfactory peduncle (olfactory tract)

telodiencephalic fissure

midbrain

hindbrain

choroidal fissure

Functional CNS Model - Rat

The Functional CNS Model - Rat (FMrat) ( Swanson-2004) is one of three hierarchical models representing the internal organization of the central nervous system (CNS). The others are the Structural CNS Model - Human (SThmn) and the Functional CNS Model - Human (FMhmn). The FMrat model represents the basic organization of the mouse ( Hof-2000 AMBA-2024 ) and, presumably, other rodents. Functional CNS models differ from structural models in that structures are defined and named by connectivity rather than by proximity to other structures at the same level. Functional models are more useful for representing longitudinal components of are grouped based on information drawn from multiple neuroscientific disciplines. such as connections, neurochemical characteristics, and role in physiogical and behavioral processes. While the Functional Model was developed primarily for an atlas of the rat brain ( Swanson-2004 ), the hierarchical organization of structures is for the most part applicable to the human, macaque, mouse and other mammalian brains as well. Structures at lower levels of the Functional CNS hierarchy are largely the same as in the Classical and Developmental Models, i.e., they were originally identified by stains for gray matter (Nissl substance) and white matter (myelin). At the next higher level they are grouped into basic connectional and functional systems of the CNS, such as the subcortical sensory systems, the brainstem motor system and the behavioral state system. At the highest levels CNS structures are grouped on the basis of dissection and embryologic precursors into cerebrum ( cerebral cortex and cerebral nuclei ), cerebellum, and cerebrospinal trunk.

white matter (basic fiber systems)

cerebral ventricles (ventricular system)